Help, I'm getting Fracked!

Or... Demystifying the regulatory process for Oil & Gas Development Plans in Colorado and what you can do about it

Action Alert: New Proposed
Drilling Project in Adams County

Chevron wants to drill 40 oil and gas wells just outside Brighton in Adams County, between Highway 85 and E-470, right in the middle of a Disproportionately Impacted (DI) community. The proposed pad sits within a mile of Henderson Elementary, Prairie View High School, the Adams County Fairgrounds, and a memory care home. If you’re a nearby resident or have children at these schools, it’s time to get involved!

How It Begins

It might begin as a letter you receive in the mail… “Come meet Chevron representatives at an open house to learn more about the company’s plans for the Cord Development. Families are welcome. Child activities will be provided.” If you don’t live within the notification area of the proposed oil & gas pad, maybe it’s over coffee with a neighbor… “did you hear they’re trying to put a fracking pad near our childrens’ school?” Maybe you’re browsing social media with your morning coffee, and someone mentions an upcoming “oil & gas development plan” that your local elected officials are set to approve in next week’s council meeting. No matter how you hear about it, your immediate question is, “am I getting fracked?”

What is an OGDP?

An Oil and Gas Development Plan (OGDP) is the core state-level permit required before any well pad can be drilled in Colorado. It’s a site-specific application covering well count, laterals, noise, air quality, water use, and wildlife mitigation for one location that is ultimately submitted to the Colorado Energy and Carbon Management Commission (ECMC) for approval. 

At the State level, all of the rules and procedures are covered in ECMC’s Series 300 Rules. Most often, an OGDP encompasses the entire review/approval process from the County to the State level: an operator files the required documents, the application goes through technical review, a public comment period, and the Commission votes. That was the case with the Draco OGDP located less than 100 yards outside of Erie: a 26-well pad with wellbore laterals running five miles under thousands of Erie and Boulder County homes.

ECMC Rule 314.a.(1): The Commission intends for Comprehensive Area Plans (“CAPs”) to facilitate evaluating and addressing Cumulative Impacts from oil and gas development in a broad geographic area by identifying plans for one or more Operators to develop Oil and Gas Locations within a region while avoiding, minimizing, and mitigating impacts to public health, safety, welfare, the environment, and wildlife resources in the region through systematic planning of infrastructure location, Best Management Practices, and centralizing facilities.

Occasionally, a much larger project comes in first as a Comprehensive Area Plan (CAP) before any individual OGDPs are filed within it. This is the exception, not the rule (only 5 CAPs have been approved to date), but includes the Lowry Ranch CAP near Aurora, largely because of its vast scale and its proximity to homes and the Aurora Reservoir. The State Sunlight-Long OGDP just east of the Aurora Reservoir is one of eight of the OGDPs in the Lowry CAP (Ed: ugh, acronyms! Check out our comprehensive fracking glossary).

Since the adoption of Colorado’s SB19-181, the ECMC’s statutory mission shifted from “fostering” oil and gas development to regulating it in a way that protects public health, safety, welfare, the environment, and wildlife first. That’s the standard every OGDP should be measured against. For a multitude of reasons, it never feels that way.

What is the process?

Getting a well pad approved runs through three distinct venues, and it’s easy for residents to miss any (or all) of them.

  1. Operator-hosted Community Meetings. Before an operator files anything with ECMC, Rules 301.g.(2) and 309.c require them to hold public meetings if the site is near homes or a Disproportionately Impacted Community. The operator runs these meetings, not ECMC. There are two: a Pre-Application Community Meeting, held before anything is submitted to the state, and a Post-Completeness Community Meeting, held after ECMC staff has reviewed the application but before the Commission votes. ECMC posts a running schedule of these by county on its Upcoming Community Events & Meetings page, under “Operator-Hosted Community Meetings.”
  2. Local Government Review. Before ECMC takes up an OGDP, the local government with siting authority reviews the proposed pad against its own land-use rules. In Weld County, that’s the Weld Oil and Gas Location Assessment (WOGLA) process. Public hearings are held before the Board of County Commissioners on setbacks, traffic, noise, and site-specific conditions (there’s a lot of overlap in required documents for the ECMC OGDP). Draco’s WOGLA was approved by Weld County on February 29, 2024, months before ECMC held its first hearing.
  3. Written Public Comment Period. Once an operator files with ECMC, the application gets a docket number. A public comment period opens, typically 45 days after the application is deemed “complete.” Comments go in through the ECMC eFiling public comment portal, tied to that specific docket (Draco was 240100004; Sunlight-Long was 241200313).
  4. A Public 511 Hearing (Optional). Under Rule 511, anyone can ask the Commission to hold a Local Public Hearing near the affected community. The rule has existed since 2014, but for most of that time it was rarely used. That’s changed. Community groups like Save The Aurora Reservoir now request these hearings routinely for major projects, and the Commission has been granting them. The Commission still has discretion to say no, but community pressure has made these hearings a normal part of getting residents’ concerns heard by the ECMC Commissioners. Operator representatives rarely (if ever) participate in these hearings, but they’re often in the audience.
  5. The ECMC Commission hearing. This is where the seven-member Commission actually votes to approve, deny, or stay the application. It happens later, most often virtually via Zoom, and it’s separate from the 511 hearing above. Both examples show how “later” can stretch. Draco needed a stay and an alternative-location analysis before its March 2025 approval. Sunlight-Long was stayed once in December 2025 and needed seven total hearings before a narrow approval in April 2026.

How Can I Get Involved?

You’re in the right place! Follow environmental organizations like Colorado Rising (that’s us!) and Save The Aurora Reservoir via email, social media, and their websites. We track the upcoming dockets, organize hearing turnout, and often know about a proposed pad before the ECMC ever posts a public notice. We’ve been through this process before, and it’s part of our role in community to organize with those impacted by potential fracking projects.

None of that happens on its own. Tracking dockets, showing up at hearings affecting communities from Aurora to Windsor and everywhere in between, and helping neighbors find their voice in a process built for industry insiders takes real time and real people. If this page has helped you understand what you’re up against, consider a donation to help us keep doing this work for the next community that finds itself asking, “am I getting fracked?”

Pay attention in your neighborhood, your municipality, and at the county level. Most people don’t hear about a well pad from the ECMC first. They hear about it from a neighbor, a mailer, or a post in a local Facebook or Nextdoor group. Long before a docket number exists, keep an eye on:

  • Operator mailers or door hangers announcing a Pre-Application Community Meeting. ECMC keeps a running list of these on its Upcoming Community Events & Meetings page (don’t worry, we monitor that too!)
  • Your town or city council’s agenda. Towns like Erie don’t have siting authority over county land, but they often negotiate directly with operators and are usually the first local government to know something is coming.
  • Your county’s land use calendar. In Weld County, that’s the 1041 WOGLA Hearings page.

The earlier we catch we catch these applications, the more stages of review we still have left to intervene.

Once a project is in motion, here’s where to plug in at each stage:

  1. At the operator-hosted community meeting. Attend if one is scheduled near you. They’re run by the oil & gas company, not the ECMC, but it’s your earliest chance to raise concerns directly, before the application is even filed. Check the schedule on ECMC’s Community Events page.
  2. At the county level. Watch for hearing notices from your county. In Weld County, that’s the Board of County Commissioners’ oil and gas docket. This is your best chance to shape site-specific conditions before the application ever reaches the state.
  3. During ECMC’s written comment period. Find the docket number. It’s in ECMC press releases and hearing notices. Submit written comments through the eFiling portal before the deadline. Written comments become part of the official record the Commission has to consider, even if you can’t attend the final commission hearing.
  4. At the public 511 hearing. If one hasn’t been requested yet, work with a local organization (it’s us, we can do this thing!) to ask for one. Register in advance to give oral testimony, or submit written comment instead. This is the hearing closest to your own community, and it’s probably the only chance where commissioners hear directly from residents  in person before they vote (most commission hearings are now held virtually).
  5. At the ECMC Commission hearing. Sign up ahead of the weekly Wednesday meeting to comment when the seven-member Commission actually votes. You can watch live via Zoom or submit written comment in advance. Details are on ECMC’s Attend the Upcoming Hearing page. Showing up keeps pressure on through the final decision, which, as both Draco and Sunlight-Long show, can take multiple hearings and well over a year to resolve.

Want ECMC to notify you directly instead of checking manually? While they’re often a bit cryptic, you may sign up for their various hearing notifications.

How Long Does It Take?

While it’s tempting to say each OGDP is unique, the process typically takes between 12 and 24 months from the moment an oil & gas operator submits an application to the ECMC to the ECMC Commissioner hearing where the OGDP is approved. Here are the two timelines for two recent OGDPs: Sunlight-Long and Draco.

Sunlight-Long OGDP

Crestone/Civitas, now SM Energy / Arapahoe County near Aurora: Docket No. 241200313

  • 2022: Civitas first proposes the Lowry Ranch CAP, including a 32-well Sunlight-Long site near Aurora Reservoir
  • Aug 7, 2024: ECMC approves the Lowry Ranch CAP, 3–1
  • Sept 11, 2025: ECMC Rule 511 local public comment hearing, Elizabeth, CO
  • Dec 11, 2025: ECMC receives the Sunlight-Long OGDP application
  • Dec 10, 2025: ECMC votes 4–1 to stay the Sunlight-Long OGDP pending further alternative location analysis
  • April 22, 2026: After seven total hearings, ECMC votes 3–2 to approve the State Sunlight-Long OGDP with a reduced 24 well count
The approval process for the Sunlight-Long OGDP was 16 months, 11 days (dates for the Lowry Ranch CAP included above for context).

Draco OGDP

Extraction/Civitas, now SM Energy / Unincorporated Weld County near Erie): Docket No. 240100004

  • Sep 13, 2023: Weld County receives the 1041 Notice for the Draco OGDP
  • Jan 4, 2024: ECMC receives the Draco OGDP application
  • Feb 29, 2024: Weld County approves the Draco WOGLA application with 4 conditions of approval (pertaining to a noise study, groundwater sampling, drainage report, and a grading permit)
  • Oct 29, 2024: ECMC Rule 511 local public comment hearing at Erie Middle School
  • Nov 15, 2024: ECMC votes unanimously to indefinitely stay the OGDP pending a full alternative location analysis (Alternative Location 4)
  • Dec 2024–Jan 2025: Town of Erie and Extraction exchange analyses on rezoning Alternative Location 4 to Heavy Industrial
  • March 13, 2025: continued hearing postponed
  • March 26, 2025: ECMC approves the Draco OGDP, 4–1
The approval process for the Draco OGDP was 14 months, 22 days (dates for the WOGLA application included above for context).